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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Water supply and sanitation in Istanbul ： ウィキペディア英語版 Water supply and sanitation in Istanbul Water supply and sanitation in Istanbul is the responsibility of the public utility ISKI (''Istanbul Su ve Kanalizasyon Idaresi'') created in 1981. ==Water sources== Nearly all of Istanbul's drinking water (97%) comes from surface water collected in reservoirs. Its most important water sources are the Omerli-Darlik system on the Asian side and the Terkos-Alibeykoy system on the European side. Both systems consist of dams, reservoirs, water treatment plants and pipelines. Many of the reservoirs that supply Istanbul are located within the metropolitan area and are exposed to pollution from settlements without adequate sanitation. Water quality is theoretically controlled by conservation zones around the reservoirs which limit construction and industrial activities in four concentric buffer zones with increasingly strict regulations the closer the zones are to the reservoirs. However, there is little enforcement of these regulations in the face of rapid and often unplanned urbanization. Illegal settlements sprang up around the reservoirs, fueled by land speculation. Subsequently they became de facto legalized with their own municipal administrations elected mayors.〔Ali Demirci and Anya Butt:( Historical Overview and Current Trends in Istanbul's Water Supply Development ), Globalization And Water Resources Management: The Changing Value of Water, August 6–8, Awra/Iwlri-University of Dundee International Specialty Conference 2001. Retrieved September 14, 2010.〕〔(German) Şenda Kara and Frank Alleweldt:Trinwasserversorgung und Stadtexpansion:Der Fall Istanbul (Drinking Water Supply and Urban Expansion:The Case of Istanbul), in: Wasser - Abwasser 136 (1995), Nr. 7, pp. 345-353〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Water supply and sanitation in Istanbul」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.